Numeric literals are values that represent numbers. They can be used in expressions to perform calculations or to initialize variables.
There are four types of numeric literals in Swift:
- Integer literals
- Floating-point literals
- Complex literals
- Boolean literals
Integer Literals
Integer literals represent whole numbers. They can be written in decimal, binary, octal, or hexadecimal format.
- Decimal literals are the most common type of integer literal. They do not have any prefix.
- Binary literals begin with a 0b prefix.
- Octal literals begin with a 0o prefix.
- Hexadecimal literals begin with a 0x prefix.
Here are some examples of integer literals:
123 // Decimal
0b101011 // Binary
0o77 // Octal
0x7b // Hexadecimal
Floating-Point Literals
Floating-point literals represent numbers with decimal points. They can be written in decimal or hexadecimal format.
- Decimal floating-point literals do not have any prefix.
- Hexadecimal floating-point literals begin with a 0x prefix.
Here are some examples of floating-point literals:
123.45 // Decimal
0x1.23p2 // Hexadecimal
Complex Literals
Complex literals represent numbers with imaginary parts. They are written as a pair of floating-point literals separated by a + or - sign.
Here is an example of a complex literal:
1 + 2i
Boolean Literals
Boolean literals represent the values true and false. They are written as the keywords true and false.
Here are some examples of Boolean literals:
true
false
Numeric literals can be used in expressions to perform calculations. For example, the following expression adds two integer literals:
let x = 1 + 2
Numeric literals can also be used to initialize variables. For example, the following code initializes a variable named `x` to the value 10:
var x = 10
Numeric literals are a powerful tool that can be used to represent numbers in Swift code. They can be used in expressions to perform calculations and to initialize variables.
